Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies) |
6 Months Ended | |||||||||
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Oct. 31, 2021 | ||||||||||
| Accounting Policies [Abstract] | ||||||||||
| Basis of Accounting |
Basis of Accounting - The financial statements and accompanying notes are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("GAAP"). |
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| Principles of Consolidation |
Principles of Consolidation - Our condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of our operating subsidiaries, Red Cat Propware, Inc., Rotor Riot, Fat Sharking Holdings, Skypersonic, and Teal Drones. Intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated. |
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| Use of Estimates |
Use of Estimates - The preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates reflected in these financial statements include those used to (i) determine stock based compensation, (ii) complete purchase price accounting for acquisitions, and (iii) the accounting for derivatives. |
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| Cash and Cash Equivalents |
Cash and Cash Equivalents - At October 31, 2021, we had cash of $11,559,758 in multiple commercial banks and financial services companies. We have not experienced any loss on these accounts and believe they are not exposed to any significant credit risk. |
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| Investments |
Investments – Our investments have been classified and accounted for as available-for-sale securities. Our investment manager can sell any of our investment holdings at any time, and therefore, we have classified our investments as short term. Our available-for-sale securities are carried at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses reported within investment income in our consolidated statements of operations.
We have elected to present accrued interest receivable separately from investments on our consolidated balance sheets. Accrued interest receivable was $371,095 as of October 31, 2021 and was recorded as other current assets. We did not write off any accrued interest receivable during the three months ended October 31, 2021. |
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| Accounts Receivable, net |
Accounts Receivable, net - Accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount less allowances for doubtful accounts. The Company's estimate of the allowance for doubtful accounts is based on a multitude of factors, including historical bad debt levels for its customer base, past experience with a specific customer, the economic environment, and other factors. Accounts receivable balances are written off against the allowance when it is probable that the receivable will not be collected. |
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| Inventories |
Inventories – Inventories, which consist of raw materials, work-in-process, and finished goods, are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, with cost being determined by the average-cost method, which approximates the first-in, first-out method. Cost components include direct materials and direct labor, as well as in-bound freight. At each balance sheet date, the Company evaluates ending inventories for excess quantities and obsolescence. |
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| Goodwill |
Goodwill - Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price of an acquisition over the estimated fair value of identifiable net assets acquired. The measurement periods for the valuation of assets acquired and liabilities assumed ends as soon as information on the facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date becomes known, not to exceed 12 months. Adjustments in a purchase price allocation may require a change in the amounts allocated to goodwill during the periods in which the adjustments are determined.
We perform an impairment test at the end of each fiscal year, or more frequently if indications of impairment arise. We have a single reporting unit, and consequently, evaluate goodwill for impairment based on an evaluation of the fair value of the Company as a whole. |
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| Leases |
Leases - Effective August 1, 2021, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 842 titled “Leases” which requires the recognition of assets and liabilities associated with lease agreements. The Company adopted ASC 842 on a modified retrospective transition basis which means that it will not restate financial information for any periods prior to August 1, 2021. Upon adoption, the Company recognized a lease liability obligation of $796,976 and a right-of-use asset for the same amount.
The Company determines if a contract is a lease or contains a lease at inception. Operating lease liabilities are measured, on each reporting date, based on the present value of the future minimum lease payments over the remaining lease term. The Company's leases do not provide an implicit rate. Therefore, the Company uses an effective discount rate of 12% based on its recent debt financings. Operating lease assets are measured by adjusting the lease liability for lease incentives, initial direct costs incurred and asset impairments. Lease expense for minimum lease payments is recognized on a straight line basis over the lease term with the operating lease asset reduced by the amount of the expense. Lease terms may include options to extend or terminate a lease when they are reasonably certain to occur.
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| Fair Values, Inputs and Valuation Techniques for Financial Assets and Liabilities and Related Disclosures |
Fair Values, Inputs and Valuation Techniques for Financial Assets and Liabilities and Related Disclosures
The fair value measurements and disclosure guidance defines fair value and establishes a framework for measuring fair value. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. In accordance with this guidance, the Company has categorized its recurring basis financial assets and liabilities into a three-level fair value hierarchy based on the priority of the inputs to the valuation technique.
The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3). The inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement in its entirety falls has been determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. The Company's assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the asset or liability.
The levels of the fair value hierarchy are described below:
A review of fair value hierarchy classifications is conducted on a quarterly basis. Changes in the observability of valuation inputs may result in a reclassification of levels for certain securities within the fair value hierarchy.
Disclosures for Non-Financial Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis
The Company's financial instruments mainly consist of cash, receivables, current assets, accounts payable and accrued expenses and debt. The carrying amounts of its cash, receivables, current assets, accounts payable, accrued expenses and current debt approximates fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments.
Convertible Securities and Derivatives
When the Company issues convertible debt or equity instruments that contain embedded derivative instruments that are to be bifurcated and accounted for as liabilities, the total proceeds from the convertible host instruments are first allocated to the bifurcated derivative instruments. The remaining proceeds, if any, are then allocated to the convertible instruments themselves, resulting in those instruments being recorded at a discount from their face value but no lower than zero. Any excess amount is recognized as a derivative expense.
Derivative Liabilities
The Company has financial instruments that are considered derivatives or contain embedded features subject to derivative accounting. Embedded derivatives are valued separately from the host instrument and are recognized as derivative liabilities in the Company's balance sheet. The Company measures these instruments at their estimated fair value and recognizes changes in their estimated fair value in results of operations during the period of change.
In October 2020 and January 2021, the Company entered into convertible note agreements which included provisions under which the conversion price was equal to the lesser of an initial stated amount or the conversion price of a future offering. This variable conversion feature was recognized as a derivative. Both financings included the issuance of warrants which contained similar variable conversion features. The Company values these convertible notes and warrants using the multinomial lattice method that values the derivative liability within the notes based on a probability weighted discounted cash flow model. The resulting liability is valued at each reporting date and the change in the liability is reflected as change in derivative liability in the statement of operations. |
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| Revenue Recognition |
Revenue Recognition - The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with ASC 606, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers", issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB"). This standard includes a comprehensive evaluation of factors to be considered regarding revenue recognition including (i) identifying the promised goods, (ii) evaluating performance obligations, (iii) measuring the transaction price, (iv) allocating the transaction price to the performance obligations if there are multiple components, and (v) recognizing revenue as each obligation is satisfied. The Company's revenue transactions include a single component, specifically, the shipment of goods to customers as orders are fulfilled. Customers pay at the time they order and the Company recognizes revenue upon shipment. The timing of the shipment of orders can vary considerably depending upon whether an order is for an item normally maintained in inventory or an order that requires assembly or unique parts. Customer deposits totaled $117,842 and $46,096 at October 31, 2021 and April 30, 2021, respectively. |
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| Research and Development |
Research and Development - Research and development expenses include payroll, employee benefits, and other headcount-related expenses associated with product development. Research and development expenses also include third-party development and programming costs, as well as a proportionate share of overhead costs such as rent. Costs related to software development are included in research and development expense until technological feasibility is reached, which for our software products, is generally shortly before the products are released to production. Once technological feasibility is reached, such costs are capitalized and amortized as a cost of revenue over the estimated lives of the products. |
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| Income Taxes |
Income Taxes - Deferred taxes are provided on the liability method, whereby deferred tax assets are recognized for deductible temporary differences and deferred tax liabilities are recognized for taxable temporary differences. Temporary differences are the differences between the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and their tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted for the effects of changes in tax laws and rates on the date of enactment. |
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| Recent Accounting Pronouncements |
Recent Accounting Pronouncements - Management does not believe that recently issued, but not yet effective accounting pronouncements, if adopted, would have a material effect on the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements. |
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| Foreign Currency |
Foreign Currency - The functional currency of our international subsidiary is the local currency. For that subsidiary, we translate assets and liabilities to U.S. dollars using period-end exchange rates, and average monthly exchange rates for revenues, costs, and expenses. We record translation gains and losses in accumulated other comprehensive income as a component of stockholders' equity. Net foreign exchange transaction gains and losses resulting from the conversion of the transaction currency to functional currency are recorded in other income, net in the consolidated statements of operations. |
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| Comprehensive Loss |
Comprehensive Loss - During the three and six months ended October 31, 2021, differences between net loss and comprehensive loss totaled $922 and $1,591, respectively, relating to foreign currency translation adjustments. During the three and six months ended October 31, 2020, there were no differences between net loss and comprehensive loss. |
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| Stock-Based Compensation |
Stock-Based Compensation - We use the estimated grant-date fair value method of accounting in accordance with ASC Topic 718, Compensation - Stock Compensation. Fair value is determined using the Black-Scholes Model using inputs reflecting our estimates of expected volatility, term and future dividends. We recognize forfeitures as they occur. We recognize compensation costs on a straight line basis over the service period which is generally the vesting term. |
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| Basic and Diluted Net Loss per Share | ||||||||||
| Related Parties |
Related Parties - Parties are considered to be related to us if they have control or significant influence, directly or indirectly, over us, including key management personnel and members of the Board of Directors. Related Party transactions are disclosed in Note 17. |